Performance Outcomes of Supply Chain Management Practices: Evidence from Pakistan's Fan Manufacturing SMEs

Abstract

This study examines the impact of supply chain management practices on the organization’s marketing and financial performance. We present the results of a survey conducted with 100 Pakistani fan manufacturing firms. Statistical analysis reveals that the industry struggles with information sharing and joint operations within the supply chain. PLS-SEM analysis of the survey data shows that supply chain performance is significantly correlated with organizational performance. Both customer and supplier relationship management have positive and significant effects on the performance of the supply chain and the organization. However, the impact of customer relationship management is stronger as its path coefficient is greater. Additionally, although internal supply chain management also impacts both supply chain and organization performance positively, the impact is slightly short of being statistically significant. This study contributes to the supply chain management literature by providing empirical evidence from an understudied manufacturing sector from a developing country.

Article history: Received (August 5, 2024); Revised (May 5, 2025); Accepted (October 23, 2025); Published online (November 17, 2025)